After collecting, restoring, and reproducing numerous old locomotives and rail cars for the railroad’s 1927 centennial, and then showing off many of the items in that collection at various fairs in the 1930s and 1940s, the B&O decided to open a full-fledged railroad museum in 1953. This booklet is the program for the dedication of that museum.

Click image to download a 4.3-MB PDF of this 8-page booklet.

The “first stone” for the railroad had been laid on July 4, 1827. The B&O reenacted that ceremony for the dedication of its museum. Perhaps to avoid other Fourth of July celebrations, this took place on July 2, 1953. The program lists the names of people giving speeches at the ceremony, including Maryland Governor Theodore McKeldin and B&O president Roy White. But it also provides the complete script of the reenactment of the laying of the first stone–a reenactment that had obviously been highly dramatized.

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Construction of the B&O didn’t prevent New York from remaining ascendent over its eastern neighbors, and the B&O’s status reflected that: at best, it was a third-rank railroad behind the mighty Pennsylvania and the arrogant New York Central. In 1830, Baltimore was the nation’s second-largest city, less than half the size of New York but slightly larger than Philadelphia (which, however, had larger suburbs that would soon be incorporated into the city). By 1953, Baltimore was still the nation’s sixth-largest city, behind New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Los Angeles, and Detroit.

Today, Baltimore is the nation’s twenty-sixth-largest city, having been overtaken by numerous cities in the South and West. But what may hurt the most is that it has also been overtaken by Boston, Washington, Charlotte, and Jacksonville, making it, at best, the seventh-largest city east of the Appalachians. When measured as urban areas, Baltimore is ranked nineteenth, but is still led by New York, Philadelphia, Miami, Washington, Boston, and Tampa east of the Appalachians.

The B&O Railroad undoubtedly greatly contributed to commerce in Baltimore, but didn’t prevent it from slipping well behind some of its peers. However, the B&O museum is still open and is a wonderful place to visit.